Cohort studycited by the Tayebat archiveabstract only checked A-WHT-08 standard review
Glycaemic load and heart disease in Italy
Dietary glycemic load and index and risk of coronary heart disease in a large italian cohort: the EPICOR study.
Overview
Sieri S et al.. Arch Intern Med 2010 · PMID 20386010 · DOI 10.1001/archinternmed.2010.15
High GL linked to CHD in women, not men.
Does the study support the specific claim? Partly · Methodological quality: moderate
Plain-language summary
Study explained simply
- What did the researchers want to find out?
GI/GL and CHD
- How was the study done?
Cohort
- How many people, animals or samples were studied?
47,749 Italians
- What was actually found?
Women only association
- How large was the observed effect?
RR 2.24 (women)
- What do the results mean in everyday life?
Unclear for men
- What are the study's limitations?
Few cases
- What does it say about Elawady's specific claim?
Not wheat-specific
- Do the results apply to Germany and Europe?
High
- What can explicitly not be concluded from this study?
Causation
Scientific in-depth review
1. Full reference
- Authors
- Sieri S, Krogh V, Berrino F, Evangelista A, Agnoli C, Brighenti F, Pellegrini N, Palli D, Masala G, Sacerdote C, Veglia F, Tumino R, Frasca G, Grioni S, Pala V, Mattiello A, Chiodini P, Panico S
- Journal
- Arch Intern Med
- Year
- 2010
- Identifier
- PMID 20386010 DOI 10.1001/archinternmed.2010.15
- Verification
- verified – PubMed E-utilities efetch, 2026-10-25
- Retracted
- no
- Corrections
- none
- Extent checked
- abstract only
- Conflicts of interest and funding
None stated.
2. Research question
GI/GL and CHD
3. Study design and population
- Study design
- Cohort study – Prospective cohort (EPIC Italy)
- Population
15,171 men, 32,578 women
- Country
Italy
- Period
median 7.9 y
- Sample size
47,749; 463 CHD cases
4. Methods and endpoints
- Exposure / intervention
Carbohydrate, GI, GL
- Comparator
Lowest quartile
- Endpoints
CHD
- Statistical methods
Cox
5. Actual results
- Results
Women: highest carbohydrate quartile RR 2.00 (1.16-3.43); high-GI carbohydrate RR 1.68 (1.02-2.75); highest GL quartile RR 2.24 (1.26-3.98). No association in men (P interaction 0.04/0.03).
- Absolute risks
not reported
- Authors' conclusion
High GL and high-GI carbohydrate increase CHD risk in women but not men.
6. Strengths
- European cohort
7. Weaknesses
- Few cases in women (158)
- Sex-specific findings
8. Risk of bias
- Orienting tool
- ROBINS-E
- Type of assessment
- simplified assessment (abstract only)
- Full formal assessment
- no
- Overall risk of bias
- some concerns
9. Assessment of the statistical interpretation
Wide CIs.
10. Relevance to the specific claim
Indirect for C-WHT-05/C-WHT-03.
11. Independent contrary findings
12. Transferability to Germany and Europe
High (Italy).
13. Overall methodological judgement
Mixed, sex-specific.
| Multidimensional assessment | |
|---|---|
| Authenticity of the source | verified |
| Methodological quality | moderate |
| Risk of bias | some concerns |
| Precision of results | low |
| Directness | indirect |
| Reproducibility | partly replicated |
| Consistency with the overall evidence | mixed |
| Regional transferability | high |
| Adequacy of the interpretation (by the archive) | not applicable |
14. Open questions
15. Linked fact checks
Use by the Tayebat archive
Note: according to the archive, the studies were compiled by the archive operators. Whether Dr. Elawady himself cited this study is not established.
- What the archive says about the study
Listed in bibliography only.
- A. What was actually studied?
GI/GL and CHD.
- B. What did the authors find?
Association in women only.
- C. What conclusions do the authors themselves draw?
As stated.
- D. What does the archive derive from it?
Implicitly against refined carbs.
- E. Is this derivation scientifically justified?
Indirect; no effect in men; not wheat-specific.
- Adequacy of the interpretation (by the archive)
- not applicable