应避免食用橄榄油(和亚麻籽油),因为它们是掺假的(“全都是假的”),而且其酸度有问题;应改用少量玉米油和葵花籽油来煎炸。
原始表述
لا ولا زيت زيتون ولا زيت بذره الكتان ولا مش عارف ايه هو شويه زيت ذره هو كله مضروب يا بيه شويه زيت ذره شويه زيت ذره وشويه زيت عباد نحمر فيهم
按来源为原话. 译文由本项目提供;以阿拉伯语原文为准。
译文
应避免食用橄榄油(和亚麻籽油),因为它们是掺假的(“全都是假的”),而且其酸度有问题;应改用少量玉米油和葵花籽油来煎炸。
出处
- 来源状态
- 视频转录文本(本人原话)
- 归属
- Elawady (machine transcript)
- 视频
- Dr Diaa Al Awady د ضياء العوضي is live! (打开来源)
- 发布日期
- 2026年2月18日
- 时间戳
- 0:45:27 (在原视频 YouTube 自动字幕轨中的位置;可确认该内容出现的位置,但不能确认说话人是谁)
- 归属的不确定性
- Archive transcript (YouTube CC or AI-generated); no timestamps; wording may contain transcription errors; spoken live-stream language, context partly conversational.
- 所声称的机制
Adulteration/contamination of olive oil; 'acidity' problem (not specified).
- 所声称的健康影响
Implied harm from olive oil.
- 涉及人群
Followers (advice given during Ramadan live stream).
- Elawady 设定的地域限制
none found
来源版本存在差异
قلت بلاش زيت الزيتون في مشكله بس وخلاص في مشكله في احمضته
- 来源状态
- 视频转录文本(本人原话)
- 归属
- Elawady (machine transcript)
- 视频
- Dr Diaa Al Awady د ضياء العوضي is live! (打开来源)
- 发布日期
- 2026年2月18日
- 时间戳
- 0:52:03 (在原视频 YouTube 自动字幕轨中的位置;可确认该内容出现的位置,但不能确认说话人是谁)
- 归属的不确定性
- Archive transcript (YouTube CC or AI-generated); no timestamps; wording may contain transcription errors; spoken live-stream language, context partly conversational.
ما بحبش زيت الزيتون انا ما بحبش زيت الزيتون الصراحه يعني وحاسس ان هو مسموم مخلوط بحاجه
- 来源状态
- 视频转录文本(本人原话)
- 归属
- Elawady (machine transcript)
- 视频
- Dr Diaa Al Awady د ضياء العوضي is live! لايف الجمعه (打开来源)
- 发布日期
- 2025年12月19日
- 时间戳
- 1:13:26 (在原视频 YouTube 自动字幕轨中的位置;可确认该内容出现的位置,但不能确认说话人是谁)
- 归属的不确定性
- Archive transcript (YouTube CC or AI-generated); no timestamps; wording may contain transcription errors; spoken live-stream language, context partly conversational.
الشيبس مسموح ضمن النظام. يُفضَّل الشيبس المقلي في زيت نباتي طبيعي وبدون نكهات مضافة كثيرة.
- 来源状态
- 第三方网站(非官方)
- 归属
- Third-party site altayybat.com (unofficial)
- 出处
- https://altayybat.com/ar/
- 归属的不确定性
- Unofficial fan/summary site; lowest attribution level; no video references given.
科学评估
基本错误 – 该说法的主要部分没有证据支持,或被严重夸大。
证据确定性: 低 – 进一步研究很可能大幅改变该评估。
1. 说法是什么?
Avoid olive oil; use corn or sunflower oil.
2. 哪些内容可证实是正确的?
Using corn or sunflower oil instead of animal fats is consistent with cohort evidence that higher linoleic acid intake is associated with lower CHD risk (RR 0.85 for CHD events, I-FAT-05) and with WHO's strong recommendation to replace saturated fat with polyunsaturated fat (I-FAT-08). Food fraud with olive oil is a real general concern (not quantified here).
3. 哪些内容是错误或夸大的?
There is no evidence that authentic olive oil is harmful; free acidity is a quality grade criterion, not a health hazard at normal intakes (general food-quality knowledge; not separately sourced). Extra-virgin olive oil is part of the best RCT evidence for dietary cardiovascular prevention (I-FAT-04). The advice also contradicts the archive's own food list (olive oil allowed).
4. 哪些内容仍不明确?
The RCT evidence for replacing saturated fat with linoleic-acid-rich oils is debated: the recovered Minnesota Coronary Experiment data showed no mortality benefit (I-FAT-06). Repeatedly heating frying oils produces oxidation products (not examined here).
5. 哪些研究支持该说法?
I-FAT-05 (for corn/sunflower oils), I-FAT-08, I-FAT-106 (banned dyes in a minority of Egyptian market olive oils).
6. 哪些研究与该说法相矛盾?
I-FAT-04 (olive oil benefit); I-FAT-105 (US cohorts: olive oil associated with 19% lower mortality and not different from other vegetable oils); I-FAT-06 and I-FAT-108 (caution on replacing animal fat with linoleic-acid oils); I-FAT-107 (Cochrane: omega-6 oils neutral for mortality).
7. 对德国和欧洲而言情况如何?
Authentic olive oil is regulated by EU marketing standards (not fetched here).
8. 关于埃及的已知情况是什么?
A survey of 870 olive oil samples from Egyptian markets found banned Sudan dyes in a minority (Sudan Yellow 5%, other dyes 0.1-0.9%; at most about 6% of samples) (I-FAT-106). Adulteration is therefore a real local problem, but most samples were free of the tested dyes; other forms of fraud were not measured.
9. 合理的实际结论是什么?
从可靠的来源购买橄榄油是合理的;出于健康原因避免食用橄榄油缺乏依据。
评估详情
- 证据确定性的依据
No evidence was found that olive oil per se is harmful; RCT evidence favours it. Adulteration of olive oil is a known food-fraud issue in general, but we did not verify its extent in Egypt. The recommended alternatives (corn, sunflower oil, rich in linoleic acid) are associated with lower CHD in cohorts, with conflicting RCT re-analyses.
- 来源质量
Elawady's own words (machine transcript); contradicts the archive food list (C-FAT-03).
- 地区可推广性
Adulteration concerns are market-specific.
- 个体例外情况
None.
- 说法的地域范围
- 取决于生产条件
- 最近审核
- 2026年10月26日 初步
科学证据详解
过度解读 – 确有真实的发现,但该说法从中引申出的结论超出了数据所能支持的范围(例如把关联当作因果、把动物数据套用到人身上、把小效应说成大效应)。
研究问题: Should olive oil be avoided because of adulteration/acidity, and is a little corn or sunflower oil a better choice?
研究问题详解 (PICO)
- 人群
- Consumers in Egypt
- 干预或暴露
- Avoiding olive oil; using corn/sunflower oil
- 对照
- Using authentic olive oil
- 地域范围
- universal biology; adulteration Egypt-specific
- 结局指标
- Adulteration prevalence
- Cardiovascular events and mortality
研究结果按作者报告呈现。我们的评估见下文。
哪些证据支持该说法?
Some Egyptian olive oil contained illegal dyes
Ragab M et al.. Food Chem 2025 · PMID 40446662 · DOI 10.1016/j.foodchem.2025.144924 检测 / 残留研究已核查摘要新增Survey of 870 Egyptian market olive oils found banned Sudan dyes in a minority.
- 实际结果
- Sudan Yellow 5%; other dyes 0.1-0.9%.
- 方法学质量
- moderate (validated method)
- 相关性
- direct for adulteration in Egypt
- 局限
- Only dyes tested.
More linoleic acid (seed oils) linked to less heart disease
Farvid MS et al.. Circulation 2014 · PMID 25161045 · DOI 10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.114.010236 Meta分析已核查摘要Cohort meta-analysis: higher linoleic acid intake associated with lower CHD.
- 实际结果
- RR 0.85 (0.78-0.92) (existing).
- 方法学质量
- moderate
- 相关性
- direct for corn/sunflower oil
- 局限
- Observational.
哪些证据不支持该说法?
Spanish trial: Mediterranean diet with olive oil prevented heart events
PREDIMED: olive-oil-enriched Mediterranean diet reduced cardiovascular events.
- 实际结果
- HR 0.69 (0.53-0.91).
- 方法学质量
- moderate-high
- 相关性
- direct
- 局限
- Whole diet.
Olive oil users lived longer in US cohorts
Guasch-Ferre M et al.. J Am Coll Cardiol 2022 · PMID 35027106 · DOI 10.1016/j.jacc.2021.10.041 队列研究已核查摘要新增Olive oil associated with lower mortality; not different from other vegetable oils.
- 实际结果
- HR 0.81 (0.78-0.84).
- 方法学质量
- moderate
- 相关性
- direct
- 局限
- Observational.
Old Australian trial: safflower oil instead of animal fat raised deaths
Sydney Diet Heart Study: replacing animal fat with linoleic-acid-rich safflower oil increased deaths.
- 实际结果
- Deaths 17.6% v 11.8%, HR 1.62 (1.00-2.64).
- 方法学质量
- low-moderate (old small RCT)
- 相关性
- limits the corn/sunflower advice
- 局限
- Era-specific margarines.
总体证据说明了什么?
基于上述研究的编辑评估——其本身并非研究结果。
哪种观点有更好的证据支持?
Adulteration of olive oil occurs in Egypt but in a minority of samples; authentic olive oil is beneficial; corn and sunflower oil are acceptable but not proven superior and have mixed RCT evidence.
为什么有些研究权重更大
RCT and large cohorts on olive oil outweigh the adulteration concern, which argues for safe sourcing, not avoidance.
因果关系是否已确立? 不适用 Food-quality and substitution question.
仍存在的不确定性
Extent of other forms of olive oil fraud in Egypt.
合理的结论
Avoiding olive oil for health reasons is not supported.
为什么研究结果看起来互相矛盾?
Seed-oil evidence conflicts (cohorts favourable, some recovered RCTs unfavourable); this does not affect the conclusion that olive oil is not harmful.
这是否取决于国家?
- 一般生物学效应
- Universal.
- 食品原产地
- Market adulteration documented in Egypt (I-FAT-106).
- 实际监测数据
- One large Egyptian dye survey; other fraud types not measured.
足以改变结论的地区差异没有可靠数据支持。
统计复核
- Absolute risk increase and CI symmetry – ARI 5.8 points (NNH ~17); CI symmetric, P ~0.05. 已重新计算
- Upper bound of dye-positive samples – At most ~6.4% (~56/870); >=93.6% free of tested dyes. 已重新计算
总体证据的确定性(GRADE,简化版)
- 主要结局
- Cardiovascular outcomes with olive oil v seed oils
- 起始等级
- 低(观察性研究)
- 降级理由
- indirectness
- inconsistency (seed-oil RCTs)
- 结果
- 低
由单名审查者参照 GRADE 方法进行的简化评估;并非正式的 GRADE 专家组评估。GRADE 评价的是针对某一结局的整体证据,而非单项研究。
已核查的临床指南和官方声明
- WHO: Saturated fatty acid and trans-fatty acid intake for adults and children: WHO guideline (2023) · 原始文献
Landing page fetched (17 July 2023). Recommendations as registered in I-FAT-08: reduce saturated fat to 10% of energy (strong); replace with PUFA (strong), plant MUFA or fibre-rich carbohydrate (conditional). - USDA/HHS: Dietary Guidelines for Americans, 2025-2030 (2026) · 原始文献
Dairy 3 servings/day (full-fat, no added sugar); full-fat dairy important for children; calcium-rich dairy in pregnancy; olive oil prioritised for cooking, butter or beef tallow as other options; saturated fat should not exceed 10% of daily calories (I-DRY-101).
检索策略
本次审查的文献检索记录(检索式采用原数据库语法)。
| 数据库 | 日期 | 检索式 | 检索目标 | 命中数 | 纳入数 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Europe PMC | 2026年10月26日 | "olive oil" AND (adulteration OR authenticity OR fraud) AND (Egypt OR Egyptian) | 支持性证据 | 191 | |
| PubMed | 2026年10月26日 | "olive oil"[tiab] AND (mortality[tiab]) AND (cohort*[tiab]) AND (Guasch-Ferre M[au]) | 反对性证据 | 5 | |
| PubMed | 2026年10月26日 | "linoleic acid"[tiab] AND (cardiovascular[tiab] OR coronary[tiab] OR mortality[tiab]) AND (biomarker*[tiab] OR "pooled analysis"[tiab]) AND (cohort*[tiab]) | 支持性证据 | 27 | |
| PubMed | 2026年10月26日 | Sydney Diet Heart Study[tiab] AND linoleic[tiab] | 反对性证据 | 2 | |
| Europe PMC | 2026年10月26日 | "omega-6" AND "cardiovascular disease" AND JOURNAL:"Cochrane Database Syst Rev" | 双向 | 34 |
待解决的问题
Comprehensive olive-oil authenticity surveys in Egypt.
核查深度如何?
8 项相关研究:1 项核查了全文(其中 0 项进行了结构化偏倚风险评估),7 项基于摘要核查,0 项仅核查了文献信息。 尚未进行由两名独立审查者完成的正式评估,也尚未进行独立的人类专家审核。
最近一次科学审核: 2026年10月26日
评定结论的变更历史
- 2026年10月25日 · 第 1 阶段 · 初始评估: 基本错误 (低)
- 2026年10月26日 · 第 4 阶段(系统证据审查) · 在扩展证据后重新审查;评定结论不变: 基本错误 (低)
New Egyptian adulteration data (I-FAT-106) confirm part of the concern but contradict 'it is all fake'; olive-oil benefit evidence (I-FAT-105) and mixed seed-oil RCT evidence (I-FAT-107, I-FAT-108) leave the verdict unchanged.
新来源: I-FAT-105 I-FAT-106 I-FAT-107 I-FAT-108
通俗解释
Elawady 医生在一个直播视频中建议不要食用橄榄油,说它经常是假的,而且有“酸的问题”,并建议改用少量玉米油或葵花籽油。这与该档案网站自己的食物清单相矛盾,该清单允许食用橄榄油。良好的研究表明,作为地中海饮食的一部分,橄榄油对心脏有保护作用。玉米油和葵花籽油也是可以接受的植物油。假橄榄油是一个消费欺诈问题,而不是认为真正的橄榄油不健康的理由。
与该说法相关的研究
支持该说法的研究 (2)
-
More linoleic acid (seed oils) linked to less heart disease
Farvid MS et al.. Circulation 2014 · PMID 25161045 · DOI 10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.114.010236Meta分析独立交叉核查已核查摘要CHD events RR 0.85 highest vs lowest intake.
该研究是否支持这一具体说法? 部分支持 · 方法学质量: 中 · 证据确定性:见该说法的总体评估
研究通俗解读
- 研究人员想了解什么?
LA and CHD.
- 研究是如何开展的?
Meta-analysis of 13 cohorts.
- 研究了多少人、动物或样本?
310,602 people.
- 实际发现了什么?
Lower CHD risk.
- 观察到的效应有多大?
RR 0.85 (0.78-0.92).
- 研究结果对日常生活意味着什么?
Corn/sunflower oils acceptable.
- 该研究有哪些局限?
Observational.
- 它对 Elawady 的具体说法说明了什么?
Supports alternative oils, not avoidance of olive oil.
- 研究结果是否适用于德国和欧洲?
Moderate.
- 从该研究中明确不能得出什么结论?
Causation.
-
Some Egyptian olive oil contained illegal dyes
Ragab M et al.. Food Chem 2025 · PMID 40446662 · DOI 10.1016/j.foodchem.2025.144924检测 / 残留研究独立交叉核查已核查摘要Sudan Yellow in 5% of 870 samples; other dyes rarer.
Banned dyes in a minority of Egyptian olive oil samples.
该研究是否支持这一具体说法? 部分支持 · 方法学质量: 中 · 证据确定性:见该说法的总体评估
研究通俗解读
- 研究人员想了解什么?
Detect banned dyes in olive oil.
- 研究是如何开展的?
Lab survey.
- 研究了多少人、动物或样本?
870 samples.
- 实际发现了什么?
Dyes in a minority.
- 观察到的效应有多大?
Up to ~6% positive.
- 研究结果对日常生活意味着什么?
Buy olive oil from reliable sources.
- 该研究有哪些局限?
Only dyes tested.
- 它对 Elawady 的具体说法说明了什么?
Partly supports adulteration concern.
- 研究结果是否适用于德国和欧洲?
Egypt.
- 从该研究中明确不能得出什么结论?
Cannot show olive oil itself is unhealthy.
该组中没有被标记为关键研究的研究。
与该说法相矛盾或限制该说法的研究 (3)
-
Spanish trial: Mediterranean diet with olive oil prevented heart events
Estruch R et al.. N Engl J Med 2018 · PMID 29897866 · DOI 10.1056/NEJMoa1800389随机对照试验独立交叉核查已核查摘要★ 关键研究HR 0.69; events 3.8% vs 4.4%.
该研究是否支持这一具体说法? 是 · 方法学质量: 中 · 证据确定性:见该说法的总体评估
研究通俗解读
- 研究人员想了解什么?
Test Mediterranean diet.
- 研究是如何开展的?
RCT, 4.8 years.
- 研究了多少人、动物或样本?
7,447 high-risk adults.
- 实际发现了什么?
Fewer major CV events.
- 观察到的效应有多大?
HR 0.69 (0.53-0.91).
- 研究结果对日常生活意味着什么?
Olive oil as part of a Mediterranean diet benefits the heart.
- 该研究有哪些局限?
Randomisation problems corrected.
- 它对 Elawady 的具体说法说明了什么?
Supports olive oil.
- 研究结果是否适用于德国和欧洲?
High.
- 从该研究中明确不能得出什么结论?
Effect of olive oil alone.
-
Olive oil users lived longer in US cohorts
Guasch-Ferre M et al.. J Am Coll Cardiol 2022 · PMID 35027106 · DOI 10.1016/j.jacc.2021.10.041队列研究独立交叉核查已核查摘要★ 关键研究>7 g/day: 19% lower mortality; similar to other vegetable oils.
No harm; benefit v animal fats; similar to other vegetable oils.
该研究是否支持这一具体说法? 部分支持 · 方法学质量: 中 · 证据确定性:见该说法的总体评估
研究通俗解读
- 研究人员想了解什么?
Study olive oil and mortality.
- 研究是如何开展的?
Two cohorts, 28 years.
- 研究了多少人、动物或样本?
92,383 adults.
- 实际发现了什么?
Lower mortality with olive oil.
- 观察到的效应有多大?
HR 0.81 (0.78-0.84).
- 研究结果对日常生活意味着什么?
Olive oil is a healthy choice; other plant oils similar.
- 该研究有哪些局限?
Observational.
- 它对 Elawady 的具体说法说明了什么?
Supports allowing olive oil.
- 研究结果是否适用于德国和欧洲?
Applicable.
- 从该研究中明确不能得出什么结论?
Cannot prove causation.
-
Old Australian trial: safflower oil instead of animal fat raised deaths
Ramsden CE et al.. BMJ 2013 · PMID 23386268 · DOI 10.1136/bmj.e8707随机对照试验独立交叉核查已核查摘要Death 17.6% v 11.8% (HR 1.62).
LA-rich safflower oil replacing animal fat increased deaths in one small RCT.
该研究是否支持这一具体说法? 部分支持 · 方法学质量: 中 · 证据确定性:见该说法的总体评估
研究通俗解读
- 研究人员想了解什么?
Re-analyse a 1960s trial of linoleic acid.
- 研究是如何开展的?
RCT re-analysis.
- 研究了多少人、动物或样本?
458 men after heart events.
- 实际发现了什么?
More deaths with safflower oil.
- 观察到的效应有多大?
HR 1.62 (1.00-2.64).
- 研究结果对日常生活意味着什么?
Seed oils are not clearly protective.
- 该研究有哪些局限?
Old, small trial.
- 它对 Elawady 的具体说法说明了什么?
Limits the advice to use seed oils.
- 研究结果是否适用于德国和欧洲?
Applicable with caution.
- 从该研究中明确不能得出什么结论?
Cannot show olive oil is harmful.
该组中没有被标记为关键研究的研究。
结果不一或不明确的研究 (3)
-
Old corn-oil trial: cholesterol fell but deaths did not
Ramsden CE et al.. BMJ 2016 · PMID 27071971 · DOI 10.1136/bmj.i1246随机对照试验独立交叉核查已核查摘要No mortality benefit; HR 1.22 death per 30 mg/dL cholesterol drop.
该研究是否支持这一具体说法? 不明确 · 方法学质量: 低 · 证据确定性:见该说法的总体评估
研究通俗解读
- 研究人员想了解什么?
Re-test the diet-heart hypothesis.
- 研究是如何开展的?
Recovered RCT data + meta-analysis.
- 研究了多少人、动物或样本?
9,423 residents.
- 实际发现了什么?
No benefit on death.
- 观察到的效应有多大?
Meta-analysis CHD mortality 1.13 (0.83-1.54).
- 研究结果对日常生活意味着什么?
Uncertainty about seed oils vs animal fat.
- 该研究有哪些局限?
Old, institutional trial.
- 它对 Elawady 的具体说法说明了什么?
Adds uncertainty.
- 研究结果是否适用于德国和欧洲?
Moderate.
- 从该研究中明确不能得出什么结论?
That animal fats are better.
-
WHO: keep saturated fat at or below 10% of energy
World Health Organization. WHO guideline 2023指南 / 立场声明独立交叉核查已核查全文Replace with plant oils rich in unsaturated fats.
该研究是否支持这一具体说法? 否 · 方法学质量: 高 · 证据确定性:见该说法的总体评估
研究通俗解读
- 研究人员想了解什么?
Set SFA/TFA intake limits.
- 研究是如何开展的?
WHO guideline.
- 研究了多少人、动物或样本?
Global.
- 实际发现了什么?
Limit SFA to 10% of energy.
- 观察到的效应有多大?
Strong recommendation.
- 研究结果对日常生活意味着什么?
Use plant oils instead of animal fats.
- 该研究有哪些局限?
Population advice.
- 它对 Elawady 的具体说法说明了什么?
Contradicts unrestricted ghee.
- 研究结果是否适用于德国和欧洲?
High.
- 从该研究中明确不能得出什么结论?
Effect of a single meal.
-
Omega-6 oils: no clear heart benefit or harm in trials
Hooper L et al.. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2018 · PMID 30488422 · DOI 10.1002/14651858.CD011094.pub4Meta分析独立交叉核查已核查摘要Mortality RR 1.00; possible small reduction in heart attacks.
LA-rich oils neutral for mortality in RCTs; lower cholesterol.
该研究是否支持这一具体说法? 部分支持 · 方法学质量: 高 · 证据确定性:见该说法的总体评估
研究通俗解读
- 研究人员想了解什么?
Test omega-6 fats in trials.
- 研究是如何开展的?
Cochrane review.
- 研究了多少人、动物或样本?
19 RCTs, 6461 people.
- 实际发现了什么?
No clear effect on deaths; lower cholesterol.
- 观察到的效应有多大?
Mortality RR 1.00.
- 研究结果对日常生活意味着什么?
Corn/sunflower oils are acceptable but not proven protective.
- 该研究有哪些局限?
Imprecise.
- 它对 Elawady 的具体说法说明了什么?
Neutral.
- 研究结果是否适用于德国和欧洲?
Applicable.
- 从该研究中明确不能得出什么结论?
Cannot show olive oil is worse.
该组中没有被标记为关键研究的研究。
地区背景
德国 / 欧盟
Authentic olive oil is regulated by EU marketing standards (not fetched here).
埃及
A survey of 870 olive oil samples from Egyptian markets found banned Sudan dyes in a minority (Sudan Yellow 5%, other dyes 0.1-0.9%; at most about 6% of samples) (I-FAT-106). Adulteration is therefore a real local problem, but most samples were free of the tested dyes; other forms of fraud were not measured.
在我的国家适用什么?
一般科学评估
基本错误 埃及市场上销售的部分橄榄油是掺假的,这是一个食品欺诈问题,但大多数受检样品并未掺假,而真正的橄榄油是证据支持最充分的健康油脂之一;出于健康原因避免食用橄榄油缺乏依据。
以下食品安全领域与该说法相关:
- 添加剂与加工
- 监管、进口、召回、标签
选择一个国家,查看针对该国已核查的信息。
局限:法律规则描述的是允许什么,而不是每一种食品实际含有什么。检测数据来自样本,只有结合其方法细节才有意义。
参考文献
- Dietary linoleic acid and risk of coronary heart disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis of prospective cohort studies.. Farvid MS et al.. Circulation 2014 · PMID 25161045 · DOI 10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.114.010236
- Optimization and validation of a rapid LC-MS/MS method for the detection and quantification of illegal dyes in olive oil from Egyptian markets.. Ragab M et al.. Food Chem 2025 · PMID 40446662 · DOI 10.1016/j.foodchem.2025.144924
- Primary Prevention of Cardiovascular Disease with a Mediterranean Diet Supplemented with Extra-Virgin Olive Oil or Nuts.. Estruch R et al.. N Engl J Med 2018 · PMID 29897866 · DOI 10.1056/NEJMoa1800389
- Consumption of Olive Oil and Risk of Total and Cause-Specific Mortality Among U.S. Adults.. Guasch-Ferre M et al.. J Am Coll Cardiol 2022 · PMID 35027106 · DOI 10.1016/j.jacc.2021.10.041
- Use of dietary linoleic acid for secondary prevention of coronary heart disease and death: evaluation of recovered data from the Sydney Diet Heart Study and updated meta-analysis.. Ramsden CE et al.. BMJ 2013 · PMID 23386268 · DOI 10.1136/bmj.e8707
- Re-evaluation of the traditional diet-heart hypothesis: analysis of recovered data from Minnesota Coronary Experiment (1968-73).. Ramsden CE et al.. BMJ 2016 · PMID 27071971 · DOI 10.1136/bmj.i1246
- Saturated fatty acid and trans-fatty acid intake for adults and children: WHO guideline. World Health Organization. WHO guideline 2023
- Omega-6 fats for the primary and secondary prevention of cardiovascular disease.. Hooper L et al.. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2018 · PMID 30488422 · DOI 10.1002/14651858.CD011094.pub4