各种形式的大米(包括白米)都可以不加限制地吃;"米就是糖",每天两勺米就能维持生命。
原始表述
صرحت بحاجه زي الرز ومنعت حاجه زي المكرونه اما تيجي تبص بقى ان الرز والسكر عندي سيان زي بعض لان الرز اصلا سكر
按来源为原话. 译文由本项目提供;以阿拉伯语原文为准。
译文
各种形式的大米(包括白米)都可以不加限制地吃;"米就是糖",每天两勺米就能维持生命。
出处
- 来源状态
- 视频转录文本(本人原话)
- 归属
- Elawady (machine transcript)
- 视频
- مشكلة الدقيق مش جلوتين (打开来源)
- 发布日期
- 2025年1月28日
- 时间戳
- 0:01:28 (在原视频 YouTube 自动字幕轨中的位置;可确认该内容出现的位置,但不能确认说话人是谁)
- 归属的不确定性
- Archive transcript (YouTube CC or AI-generated); wording may contain transcription errors; no timestamps available.
- 所声称的机制
Rice and sugar are soluble/non-sticky, unlike flour.
- 所声称的健康影响
Rice is harmless.
- 涉及人群
Everyone.
- Elawady 设定的地域限制
none found
来源版本存在差异
- 来源状态
- 档案网站食物清单
- 归属
- Archive food list (eltayebat.com)
- 出处
- https://eltayebat.com/foods/
- 归属的不确定性
- eltayebat.com: 'الأرز بأنواعه ✅ مسموح'.
- 来源状态
- 第三方网站(非官方)
- 归属
- Third-party site (unofficial; lowest attribution level)
- 出处
- https://altayybat.com/ar/
- 归属的不确定性
- altayybat.com: 'أرز بكل أشكاله'.
- 来源状态
- 视频转录文本(本人原话)
- 归属
- Elawady (machine transcript)
- 视频
- Dr Diaa Al Awady د ضياء العوضي is live! مصدر الغذاء الوريد البابي (打开来源)
- 发布日期
- 2025年7月27日
- 时间戳
- 无(转录文本不含时间信息)
- 归属的不确定性
- Machine transcript: 'معلقتين رز يوميا يعيشوك مدى الحياه'.
科学评估
可能错误 – 现有证据倾向于不支持该说法,但尚无定论。
证据确定性: 中 – 进一步研究仍可能影响该评估。
1. 说法是什么?
Rice can be eaten freely.
2. 哪些内容可证实是正确的?
Moderate rice intake is part of many healthy traditional diets; no consistent link with heart disease.
3. 哪些内容是错误或夸大的?
'Unlimited' ignores the dose-dependent T2D association; the archive's own bibliography (A-WHT-03, A-WHT-18) contradicts the unrestricted allowance.
4. 哪些内容仍不明确?
Exact risk at typical Egyptian intakes. Elawady's statements on rice are not uniform: he also rejects basmati rice and recommends 'ordinary Egyptian white rice' (evaluated separately as C-SRC-18), so 'rice in all forms' is not his consistent position.
5. 哪些研究支持该说法?
A-WHT-01 (no CVD association), I-WHT-02, I-GRN-115 (white rice not associated with CVD in 207,556 US adults).
6. 哪些研究与该说法相矛盾?
A-WHT-03, A-WHT-18, I-GRN-03; I-GRN-114 (Iran: >250 g/day associated with T2D in Tehran, not in rural Golestan).
7. 对德国和欧洲而言情况如何?
European intakes are low; risk relevance mainly for high consumers.
8. 关于埃及的已知情况是什么?
Rice is a daily staple; T2D prevalence is high, so high intakes deserve attention.
9. 合理的实际结论是什么?
适量吃米是可以接受的;每天大量吃白米与较高的糖尿病风险相关。
评估详情
- 证据确定性的依据
Moderate white rice intake is not consistently linked to CVD or mortality (A-WHT-01, A-WHT-18, I-WHT-02). High white rice intake is associated with higher T2D risk: Hu 2012 RR 1.55 in Asian populations (A-WHT-03), PURE HR 1.20 for >=450 g/day vs <150 g/day, strongest in South Asia, HR 1.41 in a pooled 'other regions' group that includes the Middle East (I-GRN-03), Lai 2023 RR 1.18 (A-WHT-18). The archive itself cites these white-rice studies under the white-flour rule, contradicting the system's unrestricted allowance.
- 来源质量
Video statement and food lists.
- 地区可推广性
High relevance for Egypt, where rice is a staple.
- 个体例外情况
None.
- 说法的地域范围
- 普遍性(生物学/医学)
- 最近审核
- 2026年10月26日 初步
科学证据详解
缺乏高质量证据支持 – 没有良好证据支持该说法;但仅凭这一点并不能证明它是错误的。
研究问题: Is unrestricted intake of rice, including white rice, free of health risk (in particular type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease)?
研究问题详解 (PECO)
- 人群
- General adult population, including Middle-East populations with rice as a staple
- 干预或暴露
- High white rice intake
- 对照
- Low or moderate intake
- 地域范围
- universal biology; intake levels region-dependent
- 结局指标
- Incident type 2 diabetes
- Cardiovascular disease
- Mortality
研究结果按作者报告呈现。我们的评估见下文。
哪些证据支持该说法?
Rice eating was not linked to heart disease in 200,000 Americans
In 207,556 US adults, eating white rice 5+ times a week was not associated with CVD.
- 实际结果
- White rice HR 0.98 (0.84-1.14).
- 方法学质量
- high (large cohorts)
- 相关性
- direct for CVD; intakes low
- 局限
- Low US intake.
Very high refined-grain intake and death/heart disease in 21 countries
PURE found no association of white rice with mortality or CVD.
- 实际结果
- Cooked rice per 200 kcal HR 0.98 (0.96-1.00).
- 方法学质量
- high (large multinational cohort)
- 相关性
- direct
- 局限
- Observational.
哪些证据不支持该说法?
White rice and diabetes in 21 countries
PURE: high white rice intake associated with incident diabetes, strongest in South Asia.
- 实际结果
- >=450 g/day vs <150 g/day HR 1.20 (1.02-1.40); South Asia 1.61 (1.13-2.30).
- 方法学质量
- high (large cohort, 21 countries)
- 相关性
- direct
- 局限
- Observational; Middle East alone not significant.
White rice and type 2 diabetes
Meta-analysis: higher white rice intake associated with T2D, especially in Asian populations.
- 实际结果
- RR 1.55 in Asian populations (highest vs lowest).
- 方法学质量
- moderate (meta-analysis of cohorts)
- 相关性
- direct
- 局限
- Heterogeneity between populations.
In Iran, very high white rice intake was linked to diabetes in one of two cohorts
Golozar A et al.. BMC Public Health 2017 · PMID 28137245 · DOI 10.1186/s12889-016-3999-4 队列研究已核查摘要新增Iran: >250 g/day white rice associated with T2D in Tehran, not in rural Golestan.
- 实际结果
- TLGS OR 2.1 (1.1-3.9); Golestan null.
- 方法学质量
- moderate (two cohorts)
- 相关性
- direct, regional
- 局限
- Few cases; inconsistent.
总体证据说明了什么?
基于上述研究的编辑评估——其本身并非研究结果。
哪种观点有更好的证据支持?
Moderate rice intake is not harmful; very high white rice intake is associated with higher T2D risk, so an unrestricted allowance is not supported.
为什么有些研究权重更大
Large prospective cohorts and meta-analyses; regional Iranian data add relevance for the Middle East.
因果关系是否已确立? 有可能,尚未确立 Consistent dose-dependent associations with T2D in high-intake populations, plausible via glycaemic load; observational.
仍存在的不确定性
Effects at typical Egyptian intakes; role of parboiling and cooking.
合理的结论
Rice is acceptable in moderate portions; unlimited white rice is not supported by evidence.
为什么研究结果看起来互相矛盾?
这是否取决于国家?
- 一般生物学效应
- Universal glycaemic physiology.
- 饮食习惯
- Rice is a daily Egyptian staple; high intakes plausible.
- 食品原产地
- Rice variety and parboiling affect glycaemic index.
- 污染物
- See C-GRN-06 (arsenic).
- 本国生产条件
- Egyptian rice production not reviewed.
- 法律规则
- Not relevant.
- 实际监测数据
- No Egyptian cohort data found.
足以改变结论的地区差异没有可靠数据支持。
统计复核
- CI symmetry and OR-to-RR approximation – OR 2.1 (1.1-3.9) consistent; approximate RR 1.93 at 8% baseline risk. 已重新计算
- CI symmetry – HR 0.98 (0.84-1.14) consistent. 已重新计算
- CI symmetry – HR 1.20 (1.02-1.40) and 1.61 (1.13-2.30) consistent. 已重新计算
总体证据的确定性(GRADE,简化版)
- 主要结局
- Incident T2D with high white rice intake
- 起始等级
- 低(观察性研究)
- 升级理由
- dose-response gradient across categories (I-GRN-03)
- 结果
- 中
由单名审查者参照 GRADE 方法进行的简化评估;并非正式的 GRADE 专家组评估。GRADE 评价的是针对某一结局的整体证据,而非单项研究。
已核查的临床指南和官方声明
- WHO: Healthy diet - fact sheet (current version (accessed 2026-10-26)) · 原始文献
Carbohydrates should come primarily from whole grains, vegetables, fruits and pulses; examples of whole grains include unprocessed maize, millet, oats, wheat and brown rice.
检索策略
本次审查的文献检索记录(检索式采用原数据库语法)。
| 数据库 | 日期 | 检索式 | 检索目标 | 命中数 | 纳入数 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| PubMed | 2026年10月26日 | (white rice[ti] OR rice consumption[ti] OR rice intake[ti]) AND (diabetes[ti] OR cardiovascular[ti] OR mortality[ti] OR metabolic[ti]) AND 2020:2026[dp] | 双向 | 15 | |
| PubMed | 2026年10月26日 | (refined grain*[tiab] OR white bread[tiab] OR bread[ti]) AND (Iran*[tiab] OR Egypt*[tiab] OR Arab*[tiab] OR Middle East*[tiab] OR Tehran[tiab]) AND (cohort[tiab] OR prospective[tiab]) AND (mortality[tiab] OR cardiovascular[tiab] OR diabetes[tiab] OR metabolic syndrome[tiab]) | 双向 | 13 | |
| PubMed | 2026年10月26日 | rice[ti] AND (consumption[ti] OR intake[ti]) AND (cancer[ti] OR mortality[ti] OR cardiovascular[ti]) AND arsenic[tiab] AND (cohort*[tiab] OR prospective[tiab]) | 支持性证据 | 2 |
待解决的问题
Egyptian intake distribution and diabetes risk.
核查深度如何?
9 项相关研究:4 项核查了全文(其中 3 项进行了结构化偏倚风险评估),5 项基于摘要核查,0 项仅核查了文献信息。 尚未进行由两名独立审查者完成的正式评估,也尚未进行独立的人类专家审核。
最近一次科学审核: 2026年10月26日
评定结论的变更历史
- 2026年10月25日 · 第 1 阶段 · 初始评估: 可能错误 (中)
- 2026年10月26日 · 第 4 阶段(系统证据审查) · 在扩展证据后重新审查;评定结论不变: 可能错误 (中)
Verdict unchanged. New studies add a fair supporting point (no CVD association, I-GRN-115) and mixed regional data (I-GRN-114). The moderate certainty is kept: the T2D association at high intake is consistent across large cohorts and meta-analyses with a dose-response gradient, despite some regional inconsistency (Golestan null, I-GRN-114).
新来源: I-GRN-114 I-GRN-115
通俗解释
该体系允许吃任意量的米,并说米基本上就是糖。研究显示,适量吃米与心脏病无关,但每天大量吃白米与患 2型糖尿病的几率较高相关,在南亚尤其如此。档案网站自己就列出了其中两项研究。分量很重要,对有糖尿病风险的人尤其如此。
与该说法相关的研究
支持该说法的研究 (2)
-
Refined grains and heart disease (industry-linked author)
Gaesser GA. Trends Cardiovasc Med 2024 · PMID 36075506 · DOI 10.1016/j.tcm.2022.08.002Meta分析独立交叉核查已核查摘要Pooled cohorts showed no clear link between refined grains and heart disease.
White rice not linked to CVD.
该研究是否支持这一具体说法? 否 · 方法学质量: 低 · 证据确定性:见该说法的总体评估
研究通俗解读
- 研究人员想了解什么?
Refined grains and CVD
- 研究是如何开展的?
Meta-analysis
- 研究了多少人、动物或样本?
17 cohorts
- 实际发现了什么?
No association
- 观察到的效应有多大?
HR 1.08 (ns)
- 研究结果对日常生活意味着什么?
Moderate refined grains not clearly harmful
- 该研究有哪些局限?
COI, heterogeneity
- 它对 Elawady 的具体说法说明了什么?
Limits harm claim
- 研究结果是否适用于德国和欧洲?
Moderate
- 从该研究中明确不能得出什么结论?
Benefit of refined grains
-
Rice eating was not linked to heart disease in 200,000 Americans
Muraki I et al.. Am J Clin Nutr 2015 · PMID 25527760 · DOI 10.3945/ajcn.114.087551队列研究独立交叉核查已核查摘要Eating white or brown rice 5 or more times a week was not associated with higher cardiovascular risk.
Rice intake was not associated with CVD.
该研究是否支持这一具体说法? 部分支持 · 方法学质量: 高 · 证据确定性:见该说法的总体评估
研究通俗解读
- 研究人员想了解什么?
Test rice and CVD.
- 研究是如何开展的?
Three cohorts.
- 研究了多少人、动物或样本?
207,556 adults.
- 实际发现了什么?
No association.
- 观察到的效应有多大?
HR 0.98 for white rice.
- 研究结果对日常生活意味着什么?
Moderate rice is not a heart risk.
- 该研究有哪些局限?
Low US intake.
- 它对 Elawady 的具体说法说明了什么?
Supports moderate rice; not "unlimited".
- 研究结果是否适用于德国和欧洲?
Moderate.
- 从该研究中明确不能得出什么结论?
Does not address diabetes or very high intake.
该组中没有被标记为关键研究的研究。
与该说法相矛盾或限制该说法的研究 (5)
-
White rice and type 2 diabetes
Hu EA et al.. BMJ 2012 · PMID 22422870 · DOI 10.1136/bmj.e1454Meta分析被 Tayebat 档案网站引用全文,含结构化偏倚风险评估★ 关键研究Each daily serving of white rice was linked to 11% higher diabetes risk; strongest in China/Japan.
White rice associated with T2D.
该研究是否支持这一具体说法? 部分支持 · 方法学质量: 中 · 证据确定性:见该说法的总体评估
研究通俗解读
- 研究人员想了解什么?
Link white rice and diabetes
- 研究是如何开展的?
Meta-analysis of 7 cohorts
- 研究了多少人、动物或样本?
352,384 adults
- 实际发现了什么?
Higher rice intake linked to diabetes
- 观察到的效应有多大?
RR 1.11 per serving/day; RR 1.55 highest vs lowest in Asian cohorts; about 167 extra cases per 100 000 people per year per daily serving (authors' estimate)
- 研究结果对日常生活意味着什么?
Large daily rice portions may raise diabetes risk
- 该研究有哪些局限?
Only 4 studies; observational; high heterogeneity overall; no protocol; Western results not significant
- 它对 Elawady 的具体说法说明了什么?
Contradicts unlimited rice in the system
- 研究结果是否适用于德国和欧洲?
Moderate
- 从该研究中明确不能得出什么结论?
Cannot show causation
-
White rice and diabetes, heart disease, cancer
Lai H et al.. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2023 · PMID 35852223 · DOI 10.1080/10408398.2022.2101984Meta分析被 Tayebat 档案网站引用已核查摘要More white rice linked to more diabetes (16 more cases per 1000), not to heart disease or cancer.
T2D RR 1.18.
该研究是否支持这一具体说法? 否 · 方法学质量: 中 · 证据确定性:见该说法的总体评估
研究通俗解读
- 研究人员想了解什么?
White rice outcomes
- 研究是如何开展的?
Meta-analysis
- 研究了多少人、动物或样本?
1.5 million
- 实际发现了什么?
T2D up; others null
- 观察到的效应有多大?
RR 1.18
- 研究结果对日常生活意味着什么?
Moderate rice fine; large intakes raise diabetes risk modestly
- 该研究有哪些局限?
Observational
- 它对 Elawady 的具体说法说明了什么?
Conflicts with unlimited rice
- 研究结果是否适用于德国和欧洲?
Moderate
- 从该研究中明确不能得出什么结论?
Cause
-
White rice and diabetes in 21 countries
Bhavadharini B et al.. Diabetes Care 2020 · PMID 32873587 · DOI 10.2337/dc19-2335队列研究独立交叉核查全文,含结构化偏倚风险评估★ 关键研究Very high white rice intake (>=3 cups/day) linked to 20% higher diabetes risk.
该研究是否支持这一具体说法? 否 · 方法学质量: 高 · 证据确定性:见该说法的总体评估
研究通俗解读
- 研究人员想了解什么?
Rice and diabetes
- 研究是如何开展的?
Cohort
- 研究了多少人、动物或样本?
132,373
- 实际发现了什么?
Association at high intakes
- 观察到的效应有多大?
HR 1.20
- 研究结果对日常生活意味着什么?
Very large rice portions raise risk modestly
- 该研究有哪些局限?
Observational; one-time diet questionnaire; no data on rice type; not significant in China
- 它对 Elawady 的具体说法说明了什么?
Contradicts unlimited rice
- 研究结果是否适用于德国和欧洲?
Moderate
- 从该研究中明确不能得出什么结论?
Cause
-
Whole grains, not refined grains, linked to diabetes risk
Aune D et al.. Eur J Epidemiol 2013 · PMID 24158434 · DOI 10.1007/s10654-013-9852-5Meta分析被 Tayebat 档案网站引用已核查摘要More whole grains: 32% lower diabetes risk per 3 servings/day; refined grains: no clear link.
White rice positive.
该研究是否支持这一具体说法? 部分支持 · 方法学质量: 中 · 证据确定性:见该说法的总体评估
研究通俗解读
- 研究人员想了解什么?
Grains and diabetes
- 研究是如何开展的?
Meta-analysis
- 研究了多少人、动物或样本?
16 cohorts
- 实际发现了什么?
Whole grains protective; refined grains neutral
- 观察到的效应有多大?
RR 0.68 vs 0.95
- 研究结果对日常生活意味着什么?
Whole grains help; refined grains not shown harmful
- 该研究有哪些局限?
Heterogeneity
- 它对 Elawady 的具体说法说明了什么?
Does not show refined wheat causes diabetes
- 研究结果是否适用于德国和欧洲?
Applicable
- 从该研究中明确不能得出什么结论?
Causation
-
Potatoes, fries and diabetes
Mousavi SM et al.. BMJ 2025 · PMID 40769531 · DOI 10.1136/bmj-2024-082121队列研究独立交叉核查全文,含结构化偏倚风险评估★ 关键研究Eating fries 3 more times a week was linked to 20% higher diabetes risk; boiled, baked or mashed potatoes and potato/corn chips showed no clear link. Swapping potatoes for whole grains was linked to lower risk, swapping for white rice to higher risk.
White rice substitution.
该研究是否支持这一具体说法? 否 · 方法学质量: 高 · 证据确定性:见该说法的总体评估
研究通俗解读
- 研究人员想了解什么?
Potatoes and diabetes
- 研究是如何开展的?
Cohorts + meta-analysis
- 研究了多少人、动物或样本?
205,107
- 实际发现了什么?
Fries linked, boiled not
- 观察到的效应有多大?
HR 1.20
- 研究结果对日常生活意味着什么?
Prefer boiled potatoes; limit fries
- 该研究有哪些局限?
Observational; US health professionals; boiled/baked/mashed and potato/corn chips each measured together
- 它对 Elawady 的具体说法说明了什么?
Limits the allowance of fried potatoes; does not show harm from boiled potatoes; chips data inconclusive (combined with corn chips)
- 研究结果是否适用于德国和欧洲?
Moderate
- 从该研究中明确不能得出什么结论?
Cause
该组中没有被标记为关键研究的研究。
结果不一或不明确的研究 (2)
-
Very high refined-grain intake and death/heart disease in 21 countries
Swaminathan S et al.. BMJ 2021 · PMID 33536317 · DOI 10.1136/bmj.m4948队列研究被 Tayebat 档案网站引用已核查全文★ 关键研究People eating about 7 portions/day of refined grains had 27% higher mortality and 33% more major heart events than those eating very little.
No association of white rice with mortality/CVD.
该研究是否支持这一具体说法? 部分支持 · 方法学质量: 高 · 证据确定性:见该说法的总体评估
研究通俗解读
- 研究人员想了解什么?
Link grain types to death and heart disease worldwide
- 研究是如何开展的?
Followed 137,130 adults for about 9.5 years after a food questionnaire
- 研究了多少人、动物或样本?
Adults 35-70 years in 21 countries
- 实际发现了什么?
Very high refined grain intake linked to more deaths and heart events; whole grains and white rice not linked
- 观察到的效应有多大?
HR 1.27 mortality; HR 1.33 major CVD (top vs bottom category)
- 研究结果对日常生活意味着什么?
Eating very large amounts of refined-flour foods may be linked to worse heart health; moderate amounts were not studied as harmful
- 该研究有哪些局限?
Observational; diet measured once; confounding possible
- 它对 Elawady 的具体说法说明了什么?
Supports a link at high intakes; does not support the 'glue' mechanism
- 研究结果是否适用于德国和欧洲?
Moderately applicable
- 从该研究中明确不能得出什么结论?
Cannot show that white flour causes heart disease or that moderate intake is harmful
-
In Iran, very high white rice intake was linked to diabetes in one of two cohorts
Golozar A et al.. BMC Public Health 2017 · PMID 28137245 · DOI 10.1186/s12889-016-3999-4队列研究独立交叉核查已核查摘要Eating more than 250 g of white rice a day was linked to about twice the odds of diabetes in Tehran, but not in rural Golestan.
High white rice intake (>250 g/day) associated with T2D in Tehran but not in rural Golestan.
该研究是否支持这一具体说法? 部分支持 · 方法学质量: 中 · 证据确定性:见该说法的总体评估
研究通俗解读
- 研究人员想了解什么?
Link white rice and diabetes in Iran.
- 研究是如何开展的?
Two population cohorts.
- 研究了多少人、动物或样本?
11,355 adults.
- 实际发现了什么?
Mixed results.
- 观察到的效应有多大?
OR 2.1 in Tehran.
- 研究结果对日常生活意味着什么?
Large daily rice portions may matter.
- 该研究有哪些局限?
Few cases, inconsistent.
- 它对 Elawady 的具体说法说明了什么?
Limits the unrestricted rice allowance.
- 研究结果是否适用于德国和欧洲?
Low-moderate.
- 从该研究中明确不能得出什么结论?
Cannot prove causation.
该组中没有被标记为关键研究的研究。
地区背景
德国 / 欧盟
European intakes are low; risk relevance mainly for high consumers.
埃及
Rice is a daily staple; T2D prevalence is high, so high intakes deserve attention.
在我的国家适用什么?
一般科学评估
可能错误 适量吃米并无害处,但不加限制地吃白米与档案网站自己引用的糖尿病证据相矛盾。
以下食品安全领域与该说法相关:
- 农药与农药残留
- 污染物(重金属、PFAS、PCB、二噁英、硝酸盐)
- 真菌毒素(霉菌毒素)
谷物与大米
选择一个国家,查看针对该国已核查的信息。
局限:法律规则描述的是允许什么,而不是每一种食品实际含有什么。检测数据来自样本,只有结合其方法细节才有意义。
参考文献
- Refined grain intake and cardiovascular disease: Meta-analyses of prospective cohort studies.. Gaesser GA. Trends Cardiovasc Med 2024 · PMID 36075506 · DOI 10.1016/j.tcm.2022.08.002
- Rice consumption and risk of cardiovascular disease: results from a pooled analysis of 3 U.S. cohorts.. Muraki I et al.. Am J Clin Nutr 2015 · PMID 25527760 · DOI 10.3945/ajcn.114.087551
- White rice consumption and risk of type 2 diabetes: meta-analysis and systematic review.. Hu EA et al.. BMJ 2012 · PMID 22422870 · DOI 10.1136/bmj.e1454
- White rice consumption and risk of cardiometabolic and cancer outcomes: A systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis of prospective cohort studies.. Lai H et al.. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2023 · PMID 35852223 · DOI 10.1080/10408398.2022.2101984
- White Rice Intake and Incident Diabetes: A Study of 132,373 Participants in 21 Countries.. Bhavadharini B et al.. Diabetes Care 2020 · PMID 32873587 · DOI 10.2337/dc19-2335
- Whole grain and refined grain consumption and the risk of type 2 diabetes: a systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis of cohort studies.. Aune D et al.. Eur J Epidemiol 2013 · PMID 24158434 · DOI 10.1007/s10654-013-9852-5
- Total and specific potato intake and risk of type 2 diabetes: results from three US cohort studies and a substitution meta-analysis of prospective cohorts.. Mousavi SM et al.. BMJ 2025 · PMID 40769531 · DOI 10.1136/bmj-2024-082121
- Associations of cereal grains intake with cardiovascular disease and mortality across 21 countries in Prospective Urban and Rural Epidemiology study: prospective cohort study.. Swaminathan S et al.. BMJ 2021 · PMID 33536317 · DOI 10.1136/bmj.m4948
- White rice intake and incidence of type-2 diabetes: analysis of two prospective cohort studies from Iran.. Golozar A et al.. BMC Public Health 2017 · PMID 28137245 · DOI 10.1186/s12889-016-3999-4